Horsemonger Lane Gaol was constructed between 1791 and 1799. It was once the largest prison in Surrey, England. It remained Surrey’s principal prison and place of execution until its closure in 1878. William Henry Gibbs was an Infirmary Warder at Horsemonger and had a fascinating life. This work is based on his words: The Life and Adventures of William Henry Gibbs – Turnkey etc.

A Career as a "Turnkey"

 I yielded to her earnest persuasion and by the united exertions of My Dear Old Mother and my brother James, succeeded in getting my present situation as infirmary warder in the County Gaol of Surrey, Newington. James had left the army previous to myself and is now holding a similar situation in the “House of Correction Wandsworth”. It is about eight years since I enlisted and during that time nature had done its duty and left me both taller and stouter with a fair share of hair upon my upper lip this, with a suit of true blue I commenced my new career in the year AD 1851.

I cannot say that I liked it at first, the confinement did not agree with my roving disposition, for we only enjoyed the sweets of liberty three hours out of every forty eight. This was not enough for me, who has used of late to keep a Saint Monday or two occasionally so I resolve to take a little French leave and for which I got a severe reprimand. Not long after I did so again, this was too bad and although our Governor, a kind and humane man, let me off with the first he was obliged to make an example of me by bringing me before the monthly committee of visiting  Justices. Here my usual luck again attended me and  I got off scott free, but was advised not to do so again or the loss of my situation would be the consequence. I therefore determined to get spliced and all things had gone on pretty smoothly between me and the little honeysuckle at Chobham. Why we tied ourselves into a knot and by this means cured me of  my roving disposition and settled me down to my present calling.

It may be interesting to the readers if I gave them a small sketch of the impression this place made on me as I entered on my new duties, and also a few of the most prominent of the prisoners both the debtors and criminals that came under my charge.

The infirmary of the prison to which I belong, is situated on the east side within the walls of the above place and stands apart from the remainder of the building. It consists of two wards downstairs, my own room, and the surgery, these wards being occasionally occupied by sick debtors. The upper floor being set apart for the sick criminals, consisted of two large wards and two small. The latter appointed to those cases of skin diseases which require the treatment of sulphur & treacle and a coating of the same external, which produces altogether not a very agreeable odour but this I ultimately became accustomed to. On my first introduction to this place of honour, as I then thought it was, took place on a Sunday morning. The doctor at the time was sitting in the surgery attending to his patients and I was introduced to this man of the pills and I shall never forget his scrutinising look as he gazed at me from head to foot. What his thoughts were, I could not define not being a sufficient judge of physiognomy to read them from his small piercing black eyes I will give you a rough sketch of my own as he ordered the other officer out of the room who had been on trial for a month & did not suit, while I underwent my medical examination his first question was whether I could read and write I answered in the affirmative he showed me a prescription to read that was to be made up for one of the patients he had just seen I assured him that I did not understand Latin as I had left college before I had completed my education in that respect he said that would do providing I was quick & willing to learn I told him I would do my best to make myself acquainted with the mysteries of the pestle and mortar to which I readily set to work as soon as he had left. I had certainly the rudiments of a plain education, not sufficient to comprehend the task I had undertaken. This puzzled me a great deal and bewildered my poor brain until I became ill with diarrhoea. Here then, was a chance to commence my medical skill, so I had observed the bottles he had used for a similar complaint that morning, and partook of the same myself. However, forgetting the directions for use, so instead of taking small quantities at intervals, I took the whole bottle-full at once. This proved a lesson for me for the future as I had taken an over-dose of Laudnum, which soon put me to sleep and my prisoners had to take charge of them-selves. I however, got over this with my usual luck and determined to be more careful for the future.

Amongst the debtors under my charge was an old Frenchman who played a conspicuous part as Colonel in some of the many battles which Bonaparte fought with ourselves and continental neighbours. He left his native country as an exile when the Bourbon Family were replaced after the Battle of Waterloo and from this Old man, I gleaned much information and should have done more so had he not had an attack of paralysis which deprived him of the free use of his speech. He could speak no less than seven languages. I afterwards took him to Walworth union where I often visited him as he had no other friend on earth. He used to beg of me to take him back to prison again; he preferred it to the workhouse for he had been confined in the prison sixteen years and considered it his home.

I had several other debtors; one “Pickering”, blind and insane; and another “Preston”, also insane; and a young fellow, “Festil” in the last stage of consumption. These, with myself and man nurse, were the occupants of the debtors wards. Finding that “Preston” was restless and noisy in the night, so much so that “Festil” could not sleep, I reported it to the surgeon who ordered him to be removed upstairs in the criminal ward with three criminal prisoners. One of imbecile mind and an elderly man “John Hodges” who was suffering from indisposition and man nurse, I locked them up at the usual hour and proceeded to my own sleeping apartments, which were situated under the above ward and next to the debtors. We did not have the gas laid on at this time; consequently we were obliged to burn oil in the lamps which often went out before morning. At about four o’clock the next morning, I was awakened with a violent knocking proceeding from the criminal ward above. I slipped on my trousers and was not long in reaching the scene of action, unbolting the door I entered the room which I found quite dark and the lamp out. To my great surprise I saw “Preston” with a large oak pail (which the nurse used for cleaning the wards) flourishing over his head and the poor fellow “Hodges”, lying partly off the bed with his brains protruding through his skull and six or seven cuts on the left arm, which had been used to protect his head until it was broken by the repeated blows. Of course it was but the work of a moment, before I disarmed “Preston” and secured him on the floor. He instantly acknowledged to his murdering the man “Hodges”, but said he had a wooden head therefore he had not hurt him. I gave the alarm and immediately had assistance at hand, when the Governor had him removed to another part of the building. The nurse was, during this time, under the bed almost frightened to death. This was the first incident that occurred after entering on my new career and nearly made me call up my old patron St.Crisben to my aid, for I found many of my duties as infirmary warder far from pleasant. “Robson”, the great Crystal Palace forger and swindler, became my next character for, besides my infirmary duties I was called on occasionally to perform other duties in the interior of this establishment .When we had any notorious characters enter the building, we were called upon in rotation to sit in the strong room or condemned cell and watch them for a term stated by the Governor.

My first was the prisoner I just alluded to. He was a tall well built, good looking, a gentlemanly fellow and one, by his easy frank manner, calculated to make the time fly away merrily as he generally conversed about his case. He would give us some brief interesting tale of his past adventures, which were highly amusing as we all know what style and grandeur he lived in, supported by his gigantic swindle which he practised upon the public. 

My next was a prisoner committed with his wife for the murder of their two infant children. “Mr. & Mrs. Bacon”. I cannot say much of him except he looked like what he was tried for, the murder of his two children. He used to strongly assert  his innocence, which I afterwards found to be the case with nearly all I came in contact with.

In my duties in this capacity, Christian Salter (n.b. from Ray Watts 2007, recent research has shown the surname to be Satter) became my next (A German) for shooting Thaine, a Police Officer on his way to this country for a robbery he committed at a Railway Terminus, before his departure for Hamburg. This fellow, although well educated and brought up to the Profession of Engineer and Surgeon, was a most clever penman, preferred the crook  fingered way of getting his living rather than the more honest for which his talents so well suited him. He was a most singular looking chap, squinting with both eyes and a most peculiar shaped head. He feely acknowledged to the awful deed and seemed to meet his coming fate with a spirit of bravado, rather than that of humility. I have often heard him declare he would not care if they were going to hang him directly. His excuse for shooting this man “Thaine”, was because he had broke faith with him in not taking the handcuffs off of him, as he had promised to do when out at sea. He would, while we were in his cell,  keep us in a roar of laughter by telling us many amusing anecdote in his half broken English, he was afterwards hung at Newgate where he acknowledged the justice of his sentence and died a true penitent.

And now to my own department again the infirmary where my attention was called to a deserter from one of the Light Cavalry regiments. We had a great many of these during the Crimean war and Indian mutiny. He was, as we used to call it in the army, acting silly and so well did he perform this old dodge that he baffled all their medical skill both military and civil and succeeded in getting his discharge from this place, I will just give a specimen of the treatment he underwent and all to no purpose. First we cut off all is hair thinking it was a brain disease and blistered him on the back of his neck. This had no effect so he was ordered a shower bath once a day; this we did not happen to have so we used to strip him and pour two pails of water on his head and spine, in the presence of the surgeon.  I remember the first occasion wel,l I was pouring the first pail over him when he took a leap out of the common bath we used for that purpose, rushed against the surgeon knocking him down and bolting upstairs, but only to be brought back again. This daily operation continued; I was afterwards told by the prisoners who were placed in the ward to look after him, that when my back was turned he used to jump out of bed take his seat by the fire and keep them highly amused by laying down a programme of his numerous silly tricks which he intended to play us after. When he obtained his freedom he laughed in his sleeve to think how nicely he had done us.

I trust I shall not tire the readers patience by relating too many of these little incidents connected with my history and adventures, if so I hope they will pardon my indiscretions as there are a few others I cannot let slip my pen.

Among them was one “Dan Cummings”, an Irishman who took it into his head to act mad. He commenced with the gardener, who set him to pick off the slugs from a plot of cauliflowers which were then growing in the garden. Dan left all the slugs on and picked off all the nice young sprouts and ate them, which made him very ill. So poor Dan was handed over to me and the straight jacket called in question, as he became very violent and tore the unmentionables of my latter end, as I was about to put him under restraint, I had two Artillerymen deserters to look after him and they behaved more honourable than my last nurses and told me Dan was shamming. The escort arrived from their regiment and relieved me of my two worthy gunners, but before leaving, they gave Dan a good dressing down and told him they had split on him this brought him to his senses and I was relieved of a very troublesome character. He was charged with throwing an old gentleman out of a railway carriage, when going through a dark tunnel, after robbing him of his watch, etc.

Occasionally some of our ladies would break out and become refractory (unmanageable and obstinate) and then my physical powers would be called into practice to place them in a dark cell and supply them with their food and give them in their beds. On one occasion, when I went to remove the bed of one and give her in her morning meal, consisting of half pound of bread and a pint of water, I found her in a state of nudity. She had tore up the whole of her bed and bedding and was rattling out an Irish jig on the stone floor, with her bare feet. This was a duty I did not, like for they seemed to me more like demons connected with that horrible place, rather than a portion of the fair sex. I would much rather face a man, no matter how violent, than one of these refractory women. This did not occur often, especially after our prison was altered in to one of separate confinement, it then became better for all parties more especially the female warder who previous to this were subject to hear the grossest of bad language.

Soon after, Dr. Thomas Smithurst  (n.b. from Ray Watts 2007, recent research has shown the surname to be Smithers) became a member of our college under very painful circumstances if innocent.  He was charged with poisoning Mrs. Isabella Banks; he was tried at the Old Bailey, sentenced to death and was sent back to this prison to be hung. I again had the honour of doing duty in the condemned cell at certain hours and I am not going to give my opinion as to were I thought him guilty of this serious charge, because we are brought into so close a connection with cases of this sort and should prove too lenient to judge of them. The Doctor was a gentlemanly good looking man rather past the middle age and had a stiff knee joint, which made him walk lame and deprived him of much of that gallantry, he would otherwise have shown, had he the use of this limb. But this did not  tend to destroy his most easy manner and his general flow of conversation, which he kept up with some warmth, arguing and continually protesting his innocence. His chief time was taken up in writing to his friends and corresponding with the medical fraternity outside and to this, he owes the preservation of his life, I have often held long discourses with him about his case. I, having by this time, obtained some knowledge of medicine took a warm interest in it, he seemed thoroughly to understand the whole propensities of the medicine he had administered to this unfortunate lady, and with the assistance of several eminent surgeons, managed to raise a doubt in the case which resulted in his getting a respite and afterwards a reprieve. During the fortnight he lay here under the sentence of death, I never witnessed a more calm self possessed man in my existence. I was sitting with him on the Friday evening, previous to the Tuesday he was to have been hung, conversing with him. He was as calm as if the awful doom that awaited him was a mere nothing not worth his consideration, when the Governor and other officials entered the cell with a large official letter and communicated to him the joyful news of his respite. I fixed my eye upon him expecting to see him faint or swoon away at receiving such joyful intelligence, no not a muscle of his face moved, but with his usual clam manner expressed his surprise instead of his respite.

Soon after this, among my numerous patients, was an Austrian who was suffering from an abscess and not considered sufficiently ill to be brought to the infirmary.  It was my duty to see that he was attended to in his cell; my man nurse took him a linseed poultice out of which he managed to scrape enough to make a globe and it was considered to be nearly correct by those who had a knowledge of geography. The surgeon ordered him beer, which I took in a can and happened to leave it in his cell, when we aroused in the night by hearing a flute or whistle being played inside which he had made from the can. He actually contrived to keep a light burning in his cell during the night, by skimming the fat from off his soup, breaking one of the medicine bottles into two and drawing the cotton from his sheets, which made a sufficient light to read by. His next object was to have a little company with him in his lonely cell, so from the wire gauze we have in the doors, he managed to extract sufficient (without it being observed) to make a small cage in which he put a fly. So tame did this little insect become that it would come down in the corner of its cage to be fed by its master. He also made a complete hammer engine from cardboard and pins so that it would work. His next object was to contrive by some means, to weigh all his food to see that he had a proper quantity. In this he succeeded so well, that he could tell even to a grain or two. He obtained his weight by borrowing a penny from another prisoner, who had it secreted about him, all these and many other tricks did he perform with an old piece of tin and a few pins which constituted his tools.

And now I am sorry to say I must retrace my steps again to the condemned cell, where there awaits my presence another victim to his evil passions. The young man I am about to speak about  is “William Youngman”, charged with murdering his Mother, two brothers, and his sweetheart, a young woman he had enticed away from her friends with the intension of marrying her. All these murders did he commit for the sake of obtaining a few pounds. He was in height, about five feet seven inches, fair complexion, grey eyes, and a narrow shaped head and had something of the appearance of a footman. He was sullen and morose in his manner, seldom or ever alluded to his case, or if he entered into conversation, he must have all his own way or he would show his temper. I remember arguing with him one day about the Lords Prayer, he seemed to have some very peculiar notions on religion, but some days after this he was reading the bible. I had left it open upon the table from which I took a glance and I saw that he had been reading from Job from the 1st. chapter up to the 10th., it was very applicable to his case. He made a very good attempt at escape when under the sentence of death. Although in charge of two warders, he made an excuse to go to the closet which was a portable one kept in an empty cell next to the one he occupied. One of the warders stepped into this cell to light the gas and the other that was left with him in the cells, he asked to get him a drink of water out of the other cell opposite. He complied with his request, when he slammed both doors together and as they are all spring locks, of course shut them both in and was making the best of his way out when one of the warders hearing the noise from another part of the building, hastened to the spot met him and soon walked him back again and released the other warders who kept their weather eye upon him afterwards, On the Sunday before he was hung our Chaplain the Reverend J. Jessup M.A. preached his condemned sermon which was in the following impressive words.

The text was  St Luke 22nd

Chap 3rd verse.                        
(note from Ray Watts 2007, this sermon is appended at the end of this document, as it is very wordy, but worth reading, as it had a profound effect on all who heard it except the condemned man himself).

I should not have trespassed in recording this sermon in with my simple narrative, but from the most impressive manner in which it was delivered by our worthy Chaplain and the impression it left on my mind from which I hope it will never be obliterated. In fact, such was the awful solemn silence that reigned in our small chapel at the time. Until he addressed him personally, when every heart became full even to bursting and the sobs broke forth from all present. Not a dry eye was there on this sad morning, except one, and that was the condemned culprit who stood as white as marble and as firm as the church he was standing in. None, but the hardened whose heart was hard enough to commit such fearful deeds, could have stood and heard such solemn language without sinking to the ground, but such was the obduracy he showed on that occasion that the Chaplain did fail in trying to soften his hard heart, although he succeeded in melting others that were there to all appearance as hardened has his only in crimes of less magnitude.

On the night before his execution, I was introduced to the celebrated “Calcraft” (of whom I had heard so much, but had never seen). He was a comely looking man about fifty and very unlike what I expected to find in the man who holds such an unenviable position. In the evening, a strange young man applied at the Gaol gate to be allowed an introduction to “Calcraft” the hangman. The porter assured him it would not be granted within the gates, but however he would not be defeated, but returned to the charge with half dozen of wine and as we required a stimulant to keep up our spirits on these sad occasions, this was too great a temptation to be resisted. So he was let into our mess room at the Lodge where he, (Calcraft) was sitting recounting to us some of the many lives he had taken away by the hand of the law. The porter told him that this interesting personage had not yet arrived. He took a seat and spent the evening in the presence of Calcraft, without being aware of it; finding no one else arrived he became impatient to behold this man of horrors, to the great amusement of us all calling him with sundry loathsome names not fit to mention with my pen, little thinking he had been sitting with him the whole evening. At 11 o’clock we locked the gates for the night and retired for bed, but previous to our breaking up, we gave this young man an introduction to Calcraft when he opened his eyes and tried to stammer out an apology, which was good humourously granted and he left the Gaol greatly delighted with his entertainment.   

To show my readers that roguery and deception is not always confined to our criminal department, I will give as brief a sketch as I possibly can, of an old debtor who was lame. He was a short dirty looking fellow, but evidently a man who had seen better days. His name was Samuel Green, but not green by nature as the following narrative will show. He had been confined here about two years and had become thoroughly acquainted with the rules and regulations. He was by profession, a lawyer so he used to lay wait for all new comers and instil into their minds the many little awful dodges he was capable of himself. In return, exacted from them what tobacco and money they happened to possess and among the more superstitious, he used to practise the art of telling their fortunes with cards, of course not in the presence of any official as cards are strictly forbidden. Among the many victims that fell into his clutches, was one a publican and such was the ascendancy he obtained over this man, by the use of cards, he made him believe that his detaining creditor was carrying on a secret correspondence with his wife and that they were about to sell his business, depart for America and that his incarceration had taken place with the consent of his wife to give greater facility for carrying out their designs. For this information this flat of a fellow gave him a sovereign and a suit of clothes in which Mr. Green soon attired himself and struck us all with astonishment for I verily believe that he had washed his face that morning, a thing he had not done for some considerable time before and looked quite the gentleman. But fate had ordained that Mr. Green’s glory was not to be of long duration, for the impression he had made on this weak minded fellow was too much for him to bear, so he wrote to an Inspector of the Police and authorised him to go and prevent his wife’s departure. He went and made her acquainted with his unpleasant business, which struck the poor innocent woman with astonishment and they proceeded to the gaol together to find out if possible, the founder of this false information. They saw the Governor who immediately sent for her husband to his Office, where he fully acknowledged, in their presence by what means he obtained it. “Green” was sent for and was also brought, but when the woman saw him with her husbands clothes on, she flew at him in something the style of a tigress and would have left poor Green, featherless had not the Governor, with the assistance of the Inspector, prevented her. But not then, until she had managed to tear the coat, vest and shirt off from him, before they had succeeded in getting her away. If they had left her another minute Green would have been left without no other raiment than the one he was born in. He was marched back to his quarters and requested to give up the money. He persisted that he had spent it, however they succeeded in getting the quarter portion of it, some was sewn up in his blankets and the other hid about different parts of his cell.

In my present capacity as infirmary warder both Debtors and Criminals, when ill, came under my charge. The former class of prisoners are chiefly men of business and of good education and most of them I find to be very honourable men but had met with ill luck and misfortune in their affairs and have been incarcerated here for debt. I often felt for many of the wives and families of those cases, for they are in general the greatest sufferers. The debtor is well housed, fed and kept warm, while his wife and family are thrown on the cold world without a protection to meet it’s frowns and buffets and often, in a state of starvation. Many, many pounds of bread has there been taken from this place of supposed punishment, to starving families outside, but such is the vindictiveness of many of their creditors that they will suck the last drop of their blood before they will grant them their freedom.

On the other hand there a great number who come in here to commit fraud and cheat their creditors and general speaking, these are the men who get out of their difficulties soonest as they are men of the world and have made themselves thoroughly acquainted with the art of evading the law while, the more honest are content to strive for a honest living and leave the rigid law to take it’s own course.

I have had about ten debtors, during the time I have been here, fallen victims to consumption. This is not a great number considering we have had about 3911 committed here during that time and most of those were ill on entering the prison. To this I ascribe the excellent medical treatment and kind attention they receive when ill. Our surgeon visits the gaol daily, where there is a list of sick applications awaiting his arrival of both classes of the criminals. Many of those is what we call schemers and so well do they manage it, by knocking their elbow against the wall and by licking the whitewash from them, together with a few pills which they make of their soap, that they baffle all medical skill to detect them and this is chiefly done to get a change in the diet. There are many other tricks, too numerous to mention, of which they are guilty of to obtain this object.

Among the debtors that came under my charge was a very fat Old Doctor, who would persist in having the gout on purpose to get into the infirmary. He was a good humoured snuff taking gentlemanly man and no doubt, quite competent to deceive a fellow member of the Royal College, but to act lame for any time was too much for the old chap as he would forget himself jump up and start round the room. This without his stick, at a good brisk pace and until he was reminded of it by some fellow chums asking him how the gout was, when the old Doctor would fall lame and require some assistance to get him back to his bed again. To this old gent I am indebted for some useful information in the knowledge of medicines and their use, as now my reader must understand that my propensity for snobbing has quite left me and a new one taken it’s place. For my ambition now, is to become as much as a quack as I possibly can and as my duties are to dispense all the medicines and administer them, why I have plenty of scope for my new profession.

And now to the criminal wards where I have a peculiar case of stubbornness; perhaps you have never had such a disease at least not a dangerous one, but this is one the worst sort. This fellow was a Spaniard, he was remanded here for obtaining money under false pretences. The first night he tried to hang himself in his cell, but was prevented by one of the warders who placed him in another cell with two other prisoners to look after him. As there was no means at hand by which he could take his life, he tried to starve himself to death. For the first five days he did not take any food, when the surgeon ordered me to put him on his back, hold his nose and by stopping his breath, try and pour beef tea down his throat. In this, I could not succeed so I got a funnel, put it into his mouth and filled it and the wretch blew this into my face and nearly blinded me. He continued on, in this state for sixteen days and I really expected he would die, but the Doctor took him in hand and used the stomach pump. So we used to gag him every day and pump a pint and half of beef tea into his stomach; with this and a shower bath every morning, we managed at the end of a month, to subdue his stubborn temper, He was tried and sent to Wandsworth House of Correction, where he gave them the same amount of trouble and after he came out he paid us a second visit and the first night he cut his throat, by breaking the handle off of his drinking can and sharpened it on the stone floor. In this he nearly succeeded and so determined was he, in his hellish designs, that he went through all I have just related, a second time. Such was the stubbornness of this fellow that nothing but the extreme debility that he lowered himself to, would end this evil passion.

Among the many diseases that was brought into the infirmary, was a prisoner with Typhoid Fever more commonly called gastric fever of course my duties were to see that this poor fellow was properly attended to. I can say with truth, that I did my duty, he recovered and I fell a victim to this pestilence myself with two of my fellow officers. One of which was our school master, a good kind hearted man, who only lingered a few days before death came claimed it’s victim; he was mourned and regretted by all. This was a narrow escape for my brother officer and self, who was now lying in great danger and not expected to recover. But thanks to that Great Friend above, who rules all things and the kind attention I received from my dear wife and mother, together with my numerous acquaintances who did not forsake me in the hour of need,I was restored to health after an illness of two monthsand am still left to render assistance to others should misfortune bring them within our walls.

To give a full account of all the individual refractory prisoners, or attempt to illustrate the numerous incidents that has taken place during my occupation (which is now about seven years) would take a much larger volume and a more able nib than mine. Those I have introduced in my narrative are those that have been under my immediate charge in the infirmary, or in the condemned cell and by that means have given me an opportunity of observing their different disposition and of closely watching their actions. As to give a finishing stroke to my little volume, I will give my readers a brief description of the treatment of our convicts. Those class of prisoners who are sentenced to penal servitude; they are kept in solitary confinement in cells ranging 12 feet by 8 with a window of comparative size. Their furniture consists of: a hammock, pair of sheets, two blankets and  a rug, towel, table, stool, wash hand basin (with water laid) on, two pannikins, a tin plate, a wooden spoon, salt cellar, two combs, nail brush, a slate and pencil, two library books and a brush for keeping his cell clean. Their food consists of (and which is liberal); they have a pound and half of good white bread, two pints of gruel, made of oatmeal and sweetened with molasses, 4 ounces of cooked meat without bone, and a pound of potatoes. This is for 4 days of the week, the other three they have; a pint of cocoa in the morning instead of gruel and a pint of good soup, in addition to the above for dinner. Their labour is to keep their furniture well polished and cell clean and pick two pounds of oakum per day. This is all the labour these vagabonds are called upon to perform during their stay in the County Gaol, which is often 3 months, previous to their being removed to the Government Penitentiary. They become, as a matter of course fat, lazy and indolent and often very saucy and refractory. I believe the rein is drawn a little tighter when they are under Government, but by no means tight enough. You cannot wonder at those villains resuming their old career of crime, when let loose on society, such treatment has no terror for them in fact from my own experience, their discipline is not so severe as a soldiers when on duty.

There are another class of prisoners, of which I must draw your attention, these are the victims of the Police who are sent here on short terms for assaulting them while in the execution of their duty. Now I have often heard a great many prisoners declare that no assault what ever has taken place by them. On the other hand they have been assaulted by the Police and 9/10 say the same. To show that there is some truth in this statement, I will relate an instance that occurred to myself by an over officious policeman. I was returning home one night with my wife, from a friends where we had been to spend the evening when I was accosted by a policeman hollering after us to stop. I did stop, when he came up and wanted to know my business, I of course refused to explain myself to him, so he abused me very much and talked of taking me to the Station. I placed myself under his charge and insisted upon his taking me, for what I am lost to conceive. My little spouse, here stepped forward, thinking she was about to lose her bedfellow and nearly floored poor bobby by showing fight in my behalf. It then became my turn to protect her, so I managed to get her away by giving him my address and saw him the next day on his beat in my coat of blue, when I demanded an instant apology from him to my wife and self which he readily granted and this ended the matter. Had it been a person unacquainted with their duties, most likely would have been locked up and punished. I merely relate this to show how many of this class may fall victims through officious and insulting Policemen.

In my debtors wards about this time is a new arrival just entered with a bad leg. He appears to be a man of letters or else verses, for ongoing through the wards, a few days after he presented me with the following lines dictated to the Warders and debtors of Keens Hotel. This is the name our establishment is known by among that class of prisoner. These are the characters which seemed to have attracted this gents notice:

  • Bateman who is the porter at the gate.
  • Friar the debtors warder.
  • Sargent the barber, who gives them a Turkish Bath in the shape of a pail of water and the mop if required.
  • Old Billy the messenger, whose clothes is so stiff with dirt, that he cannot walk faster than four miles in five hours when in a hurry.
  • And Mr. Keen, our governor who he styles as viewing the farm.
  • Together with myself and the Doctor (I mean the Old Doctor who will persist in having the gout). He is come back to pay me a second visit and in my absence on this occasion, the Doctor had to respond to our worthy Chaplain who was reading the usual morning Prayers in the infirmary, this amused the writer of these lines so he commenced.

 

Hurrah, hurrah for Keen’s Hotel

We poor debtors know it well

Spruce & smart on with bad tile

When the Sherriff rings the bell

Enter into Keen’s Hotel.

 

You may fret and you may pout

The host he will not let you out

Yet visitors from nine till three

Come and go with liberty

But when Bateman rings the bell

Out they go from Keen’s Hotel

 

Some prefer their food to buy

Others don’t perhaps you guess why

And they cannot boil the pot

Because they have no money got

Poor Old Billy is no swell

The messenger at Keen’s Hotel

 

Lonely does the day appear when

The Sheriff drags you here

When Old Friar welcomes you

Nose and features turn quite blue

What your thoughts are who can tell

When you enter Keens Hotel

 

Old and Young, rich and poor

Enter through the massive door

Breaking with a gentle swing

As it coolly shuts you in

Pace the passage take a spell

You are a gust in Keen’s Hotel

 

Strangely does your bed appear

In you get with dread and fear

Out you fall and call for aid

Yet there comes no chamber maid

Sargents mop and pail, don’t do so well

As a chamber maid at Keen’s Hotel

 

If your breakfast you desire

Up at once and light the fire

While the kettle is getting hot

Go and empty the chamber pot

This is done by every swell

Who patronises Keen’s Hotel

 

To the coffee soon you steer

Eleven o’clock brings the beer

Hand into your pocket goes

Porter down the throttle flows

Half an hour and then the bell

Warns the beer from Keen’s hotel

 

Mysterious men with dark blue bags

Stuffed with papers perhaps with rags

Holding conference as they go

Solemnly their noses blow

With a purpose deep and Fell

To release you from Keen’s Hotel

 

Now you hear the turret clock

Striking out, its 3’clock

Male and Female friends they go

Out with faces full of woe

For J. Bateman’s tinkling bell

Turns them out of Keen’s Hotel

 

Pace the yard you cannot tire

Six o’clock will bring old Friar

In his sleeve he laughs within

Turns the key and shuts you in

Then you hear the solemn knell

Strike each hour in Keen’s Hotel

 

When the watchman, comes his round

Steady on the outside ground

Slow and sine the cunning fox

Comes from out the sentry box

Half past twelve he cries alls well

In and Out of Keens Hotel

 

Slumber will not close your eyes

Visions strange before you rise

Murderous villains o’er you creep

To torment you, while you sleep

Bound you are in a deadly spell

When you sleep in Keen’s Hotel

 

Of course next day you feel quite ill

And go to the surgeon for a pill

Others to kick up a rout

The Doctor again has got the gout

Infirmary are very well

Especially in Keen’s Hotel

 

Pains in the stomach, head or ribs

Old Friar hand you over to Gibbs

Who very quickly makes you up

A dose of Doctors nasty stuff

What diseases, who can tell

Are spread abroad in Keen’s Hotel

 

Now to the Parson you must hark

And Gibbs, he makes the Doctor clerk

A stout and portly man of men

Who to each prayer, suggest amen

T’is thus the hours, days as well

Are passing on in Keen’s Hotel

 

The host comes round to view the farm

To see that all is snug and warm

He does it with a kindly grace

And pleasant it is to see his face

Yet for all, t’would be as well

To turn your back on Keen’s Hotel

 

I have not mentioned self, I beg

Complaint with me is my poor leg

Now through our daily course I’ve been

Another time I’ll write again

In the mean time, pray fare thee well

All ye who dwell in Keen’s Hotel

 

These lines amused the Old Doctor amazingly and in his glee, he made a drum of his snuff box by emptying it to stuff up his nose, which seemed to hold an enormous quantity of black rappee and then tried to set music to those lines by playing a tune on his box.  I observed this same time, he always played when the box was empty and his nose hungry, I found the poet and the Doctor become very pleasant companions for  many a dull hour have I passed  away in company with my two patients.

Our Surgeon to the Gaol, about this time, had given up his private practice and sent me a few ornaments from his study to add to the horrors of my surgery. They consisted of the casts of the heads of some of the most prominent murderers that had been hung at this prison. Amongst them was the head of an eminent Doctor now living; I received them and distributed them in various parts of the surgery on shelves and the impression their woeful countenances made on me after arranging them, caused me to dream of them that night. As I have related, some of the many incidents that have taken place during waking moments, I will just relate what took place in my dream. It may interest my readers and serve to show how the brain wanders in it’s sleep, after it has been impressed with horrible deeds during the day. In the surgery, the place of rendezvous where my dream took place, stands an arm chair constructed for the purpose of drawing teeth and in this I sat with my head firmly fixed and my dream commenced.

The dream:

I thought the gas was alight but not sufficient for me to see what was going on, so I endeavoured to rise to turn it on but found I was firmly fixed in the chair when all at once down came the Doctor off the shelf, turned on the gas and beckoned to Mr. Manning to follow. When down he came, the Doctor examined his neck which had a deep impression on it where the rope went round that he was hung with. The Doctor took from the shelf where the medicines stood, an embrocation and applied it to his neck, which soon became alright and he was told to stand aside. The Doctor then lowered the gas, when Mrs. Manning flew down like lightening and implored the Doctor to exercise his medical skill on her. So the old Doctor examined her neck and I suppose, thought pills would be more beneficial to her, so he went to the drawer where we kept the pills and took out a handful of poisonous ones and was about to administer them. I tried to rise and prevent him, but found myself firmly fixed in the chair. I tried to speak or to hollar but could not give utterance to a word. Here then was a pretty predicament, so then I tried to wipe the perspiration from my forehead but found the same spell had bound me and she swallowed the whole of the pills which appeared to have the same effect on her as on her husband and she took her place beside of him. The Old Doctor all this time kept winking his left eye at me. Youngman then came down and tried the same means as the others, but the Old Doctor would not have it for some time, but at last he gave in and went to the blister pot, made him one and placed it on his neck at the same time turning round and winking his left eye at me as much as to say he is scheming. So he walked to the powder boxes and gave him a horn spoonful of Jalap and Calomel looked round and winked his eye at me again. Soon after Youngman tried the surgeons closet adjoining the surgery, but found it locked he then returned to the shelf where he sang the following ditty:

Oh Doctor, Doctor pity take

And cure me of the stomach ache

For I shall die if you do not

Provide me with a chamber pot

The Doctor turned a deaf ear to his song looked at me and winked his eye. Harwood and Jones, being hung together, of course came down off the shelf together. Jones being the more powerful of the two, commenced to perform in a pugilistic manner upon the Old Doctor for tarring out Youngman, when Harwood took it up and a terrific encounter ensued. The Old Doctor standing beside me winking his eye and seemed to enjoy the fun. After they had finished, the Old Doctor strapped up Jones’s nose and put three leeches on the other one’s eye and ordered them to take their places on the shelf, and Mr. and Mrs. Mannering to follow, which they did. He then came to me, opened my mouth and looked in. I tried to speak but could not. I tried to resist but still found the same spell upon me; imagine my surprise when I saw him walk straight to the drawer, where our surgeon kept his instruments and take out the case filled with forceps for drawing teeth. He returned to me and commenced the top row and pulled them all out, one after another. I still tried to resist, but found I was fixed my readers may imagine the agony and terror I was in, while this operation continued. I found he was not going to confine himself to my upper jaw, but was commencing on the lower one, winking his left eye at me as he did so. I now tried harder than ever to resist and to my great relief, I heard someone calling out at the top of  their voice, “Gibbs are you not going to get up today?” this broke the spell and I awoke, but no sooner awake than I put my hand into my mouth to feel if all my teeth were present. Finding they were all safe I pulled myself together and found it was all a dream.

So now I have concluded my humble narrative, as far as my memory will serve me. I beg that any readers will over look all mistakes from so humble a pen and that my friends will not reprove me with ingratitude for any exertions in trying to amuse them by relating the few little incidents that has taken place in my life. My object in first commencing it, was to find food for the mind, having so much spare time on hand and in this I succeeded for it has been the means of my passing away many a dull hour in recalling the events that have taken place from my childhood until the present time.  And now I am just off to spend Christmas and I trust that the roast beef and plum pudding will digest easily and not leave me spell bound again, in the presence of the Old winking Doctor.

THE END   


Transcribed and supplied by Raymond Watts
Website Copyright © Ian Waugh

E: ian at ianwaugh dot com